What Are Battery Materials And How Do They Function?

Battery Materials
Battery Materials | Image Resource : automotive.basf.com


A battery consists of several voltaic cells. Each of this cell consists of two half of cells which are connected by a series of electrolyte which holds cat ions and anions together. One half of the cell includes electrode and electrolyte where the particles of anions move towards, that is the negative electrode which is also known as anion; the other half of the cell includes electrode and electrolyte and electrode where the cations move towards, i.e. the positive electrode or the cathode.

When a battery supplies electric power to the positive side of the battery then that is called the cathode while the negative side is called the anode. Anode is the part from where electrons generate, when it is connected to a circuit it will flow and therefore deliver all the energy required to a device.

Categories of batteries and battery materials


1. The first one is known as the Primary batteries
2. The second one is known as the Secondary batteries

Primary batteries are those which are there for single use purposes only. If the battery has been used fully then it is not possible for someone to recharge it back because the active materials in the battery may not return to their authentic form. Some of the cited examples of primary kind of batteries are normal AAA or AA batteries that we use in television remote or wall clocks and many more.

Secondary batteries refer to those which are rechargeable in nature which means that unlike primary battery they can be recharged and used more than once. Some examples for these secondary types of battery materials are the ones used in MP3 Players or mobile phones and many more.

Types of Rechargeable or secondary Batteries includes Lead Acid, Nicd, SMF and Li-ion


  • SMF, has been designed specifically to offer reliable, along with consistent and low maintenance power which calls for uninterrupted power supply to applications. These battery materials require minimum maintenance and therefore are used in power deficit areas and rural areas.
  • The Nicd (Nickel Cadmium)batteries possess the advantage where it can be recharged countless number of times and have more and have more capability in terms of electric power and physical endurance compared to other types of batteries.
  • Lead Acid batteries are those batteries which are popular in when it comes to supplying power to automobiles, inverters etc. Compared to other maintenance free batteries, these kinds of batteries require proper maintenance and care so that they have a prolonged life.
  • Lithium-ion batteries are the most popular kind of batteries that we find these days. These batteries are used to power mobiles, laptops, cameras and other electronic devices. These are used for the sole reason of it being able to get charged up rapidly and on the other hand discharging slowly.

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